Neutrino science · evidence-based research portal
The science behind
neutrino energy.
A portal to neutrino science — ninety years of neutrino physics, from Pauli’s postulate to coherent scattering, read as deep-dive series, each grounded in peer-reviewed primary sources.
What is neutrino science?
Neutrino science is the study of neutrinos — nearly massless, electrically neutral particles that stream through ordinary matter almost untouched. It spans their fundamental properties, the oscillations that prove they have mass, the detectors built to catch them, and the sources across the cosmos and the Earth that produce them.
This portal organises neutrino science into six research tracks, each grounded in peer-reviewed primary sources — from coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) and the 2015 Nobel Prize to the applied neutrinovoltaic research frontier.
Six research tracks
- 01 Fundamentals Flavours, mass, helicity, and the Standard Model context.
- 02 Oscillations PMNS mixing, mass ordering, and the 2015 Nobel Prize.
- 03 Detection Cherenkov detection and coherent elastic scattering (CEvNS).
- 04 Sources Solar, reactor, atmospheric, supernova, and geoneutrinos.
- 05 Cosmology The cosmic neutrino background and the early universe.
- 06 Applications Neutrinovoltaics and the Schubart master equation.
Interactive tools
All tools →Applied research · Neutrino Energy Group
The Neutrino Energy Group
Led by Holger Thorsten Schubart, the Neutrino Energy Group develops neutrinovoltaic technology — converting energy from neutrinos and other ambient radiation using graphene–silicon materials. Below is its central result, the Schubart master equation (2024), presented as an applied-research framework anchored to established physics.
- P(t)
- electrical output power
- η
- graphene–silicon conversion efficiency
- Φeff
- effective flux density of invisible radiation
- σeff
- structural coupling coefficient
Start here
Understanding the Neutrino
A seven-part introduction to the neutrino — from why it had to exist, through its discovery and three flavours, to the question of mass that reshaped the Standard Model.
Latest from the blog
All articles →- How Was the Neutrino Discovered? The neutrino was proposed by Pauli in 1930 to save energy conservation, and finally detected by Reines and Cowan at a nuclear reactor in 1956. Here is that story.
- How Was the Tau Neutrino Discovered? The tau neutrino was the last neutrino to be seen directly, detected by the DONUT experiment at Fermilab in 2000. Here is how physicists finally caught it.
- What Are Flavour and Mass Eigenstates? Neutrinos are produced in flavour states but travel as mass states, and the two are not the same. This mismatch is the very root of neutrino oscillation.
Explore the portal
Neutrino science: frequently asked questions
Are neutrinos dangerous to humans?
How are neutrinos detected?
Do neutrinos travel faster than light?
Can neutrinos be used for energy?
From the physics to the technology
The applied neutrinovoltaic research of the Neutrino Energy Group, grounded in the established physics documented across this site.